短语动词：意思与词序 · PET / B1
天天向上 · 原创语法学习讲义
在情境中理解常用短语动词，并检查宾语能否分开、代词放在哪里。
先理解整组意思
find out 了解、查明；give up 放弃；put off 推迟；set up 建立或安排。
We put off the match because the field was flooded.
场地积水，我们推迟了比赛。
同一短语可能有不同意思，必须结合宾语和上下文。
可分与代词位置
turn on/off/down、pick up 等常可分；宾语为代词时放在动词与小品词之间。
I will pick you up outside the station.
我会在车站外接你。
pick up you 不符合这个可分结构的代词词序。
不可分结构
look after、look for、get on with 等学习时整组记，宾语放在整组后。
I get on well with my neighbours.
我和邻居相处得很好。
look for it 正确；不能写 look it for。
短语也要随时态变化
时态通常体现在主要动词；后接另一个动词时还要检查搭配。
She gave up eating sweets for a month.
她一个月没吃糖果。
give up 后若接动作，用 -ing；gave 是 give 的过去式。
语境练习
1. The lamp is too bright. Please ___.
A. turn it off
B. turn it of
C. turn off it
2. The concert has moved to next month. It has been ___.
A. looked after
B. found out
C. put off
3. Choose the correct sentence.
A. Could you after look my cat?
B. Could you look after my cat?
C. Could you look my cat after?
4. I will ___ at the station at six.
A. pick you up
B. you pick up
C. pick up you
5. “The coach broke down.” What happened?
A. The vehicle stopped working.
B. The driver sold it.
C. The coach arrived early.
6. We need to ___ what time the centre closes.
A. find out
B. give up
C. turn off
7. He gave up ___ computer games on school nights.
A. play
B. playing
C. to playing
8. “We ran out of water halfway through the walk.” What was the problem?
A. We found extra water.
B. No water was left.
C. We ran faster than the water.
答案与解释
1. A · turn it off
turn off 可分，代词 it 放中间。
2. C · put off
put off 表推迟。
3. B · Could you look after my cat?
look after 的宾语跟在整个短语后。
4. A · pick you up
pick up 的代词宾语 you 必须放中间。
5. A · The vehicle stopped working.
break down 在车辆语境中表示出故障。
6. A · find out
find out 表了解或查明信息。
7. B · playing
give up 后接动名词 playing。
8. B · No water was left.
run out of 表用完、耗尽。
表达任务
给朋友写一次出游中的小问题及解决过程，自然使用至少四个短语动词，其中一个带代词宾语。约 70–100 词。
□ 短语含义符合语境。
□ 可分结构中的代词位置正确。
□ 主干动词的时态及后接 -ing 正确。
参考表达
Our car broke down on the way to the campsite. We did not give up our plans. First, we called a repair service to find out how long help would take. My uncle offered to pick us up, so we waited at a nearby café. The staff looked after our bags while we bought some water. We finally reached the campsite and set up our tents before dark.
难度范围参照 Cambridge B1 Preliminary for Schools；本站原创练习，并非官方试卷。